CRITICAL MINERALS: MEANING, SIGNIFICANCE AND CHALLENGES

India aims to secure critical minerals for renewables and EVs, including lithium, cobalt, nickel, and rare earth elements. To manage supply chain vulnerabilities, the government plans to establish a Centre of Excellence for Critical Minerals. To ensure supply, India is implementing the Mines and Minerals Act, the Auction of Critical Mineral Blocks, the Mineral Security Partnership, and KABIL.