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Context: The discovery of Zosurabalpin, a new class of antibiotics with potent activity against gram-negative bacteria, particularly drug-resistant strains like Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), is a significant development in the field of antibiotic research.

About Zosurabalpin

Discovery and Origin

• Zosurabalpin was discovered by researchers from the University of Queensland after screening thousands of natural compounds. It originates from a native Australian plant and was found to possess remarkable antibacterial properties specifically targeting Acinetobacter strains.

Targeted Bacterial Strains

• This antibiotic primarily focuses on combating Acinetobacter bacteria, notably the challenging Acinetobacter baumannii, known for causing severe hospital-acquired infections. These strains often display resistance to multiple existing drugs, making them particularly difficult to treat.

Mode of Action

• Zosurabalpin operates by zeroing in on a crucial protein called FabI found within bacteria. FabI plays a pivotal role in synthesizing fatty acids, vital components of bacterial cell membranes. By disrupting FabI's function, Zosurabalpin impairs the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane, ultimately leading to bacterial death.

Selectivity and Effects

• Zosurabalpin exhibits high selectivity, specifically targeting Acinetobacter strains while leaving other bacteria unaffected. This selectivity reduces the risk of harming beneficial bacteria and potentially lessens side effects and resistance development

Efficacy and Testing

• Extensive testing against clinical Acinetobacter isolates, including drug-resistant strains, demonstrated Zosurabalpin's effectiveness. Animal studies confirmed its ability to cure even lethal CRAB infections with minimal toxicity and favourable pharmacokinetics

Significance and Natural Origin

• The significance of Zosurabalpin lies not only in its effectiveness but also in its natural origin, derived from nature's resources. This discovery underscores the potential of exploring diverse natural compounds as valuable sources for novel antibiotics, especially in combating drug-resistant infections.

Must Read Articles:

Critically Important Antimicrobials: https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/critically-important-antimicrobials

Antibiotics Resistance: https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/antibiotics-resistance

PRACTICE QUESTION Q. What is the significance of Zosurabalpin in recent news headlines? A) It is a newly discovered plant species in Australia. B) It is a potential breakthrough antibiotic against drug-resistant Acinetobacter bacteria. C) It's an innovative medical device used in hospitals. D) It's a software program designed for healthcare analytics. Answer:  B Explanation: Zosurabalpin gained attention in the news due to its discovery as a potent antibiotic effective against drug-resistant Acinetobacter strains, addressing a critical need in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria.