Lake Bolsena

Name

Lake Bolsena.

Location

Italy.

Type

Volcanic origin.

 It is the largest volcanic lake in Europe.

Formation

It is a crater lake of central Italy, of volcanic origin, which was formed starting 370,000 years ago following the collapse of a caldera of the Vulsini volcanic complex into a deep aquifer.

Roman historic records indicate activity of the Vulsini volcano occurred as recently as 104 BC, since when it has been dormant.

Inflow

The lake is supplied entirely from the aquifer, rainfall and runoff.

Outflow

The Marta is an Italian river that flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea. Its source is Lake Bolsena near Marta.

Surface area

114.5 square kilometers, having a circumference of 43km.

Islands

Bisentina, Martana, Rocky Island.

Vegetation

Groves of evergreen oaks.

Unique Phenomena

It is known for a strange phenomenon, known locally as “sessa”, which causes tidal-like movements in the lake.

Economic activity

Fishing , Tourism.

Cultural and spiritual significance

In ancient times, it was considered a sacred place by the Etruscans.

Pollution

Fertilizer contamination, Sewage.

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q. Consider the following pairs.

1.       Lake Oneg – Russia.

2.       Lake Vanern- Finland.

3.       Lake Saima – Spain.

4.       Lake Bolsena- Italy.

How many of the above pair/s is/are correct?

A.      Only one

B.      Only two

C.      Only three

D.      All four

Answer B

Lake Oneg: Situated entirely in Russia, Lake Onega is the second-largest lake in Europe by surface area, spanning approximately 9,700 square kilometres.

Lake Vanern: Located in Sweden, Lake Vänern is the largest lake in the country and the third-largest lake in Europe, covering an area of approximately 5,655 square kilometres.

Lake Saima: Situated in Finland, Lake Saimaa is the largest lake in the country, covering an area of around 4,400 square kilometres.