Description

Source: IASGYAN

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Context

Since 2005, the Caspian Sea has lost 31,000 sq km due to climate change, endangering local ecosystems and economies

It is considered as the world’s largest water body that is bordered by land on all sides.
It is located between two continent - Asia and Europe.
The name of the sea traces its origin from the ancient Kaspi peoples, who once used to live in Transcaucasia to the west.
Total surface area is of about 386,400 sq.km. and is about 1,200 km long and 320 km wide
It is an endorheic basine. drainage basin without an outflow
It is bordered by
Russia and Azerbaijan on the west
Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan on the north and east
Iran on the south
The composition of the water of the Caspian Sea varies from northern to southern part.
It is fresh in the northern parts of the lake and saltier in the southern part.
The mean salinity of the Caspian Sea is now about one-third that of the oceans.
Three major rivers—
Volga
Ural
Terek—empty into the Caspian from the north.
The capital of Azerbaijan is Baku which is the largest city on the Caspian.
Another important city along the Caspian is Iran’s Nowshahr.
The important islands are Chechen, Tyuleny, Morskoy, Kulaly, Zhiloy, and Ogurchin.
The sea is known for its abundance of energy resources like oil and natural gas reserves in offshore fields and onshore on the coast of the sea
It is the source of most of the world’s caviar.