BAKU CASPIAN SEA

Last Updated on 9th October, 2024
4 minutes, 12 seconds

Description

Disclaimer: Copyright infringement not intended.

Context:

Caspian Sea on which Baku is located, is in danger of drying up due to human-induced climate change.

Details:

  • The scientists analyzed hydrological changes in the Volga and their repercussions on the Caspian Sea level from 1938 to 2020.
  • They found a strong correlation between high Volga River runoff and increased atmospheric precipitation in its basin until 2005.
  • However, in recent years (2005-2020), a significant decline in the runoff coefficient at the Verkhneye Lebyazhie hydrological station, attributable to climate warming surpassing global temperature anomalies, has been observed. 
  • This warming’s impact on river flow and sea level was quantified, resulting in a 133 cm decrease in sea level from 1977 to 2020.

About Baku

Baku is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan and the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. It is the lowest-lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world below sea level. 

It lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, on the Bay of Baku. Baku is situated on the western coast of the Caspian Sea. 

In the vicinity of the city, there are a number of mud volcanoes (Keyraki, Bogkh-bogkha, Lokbatan and others) and salt lakes (Boyukshor, Khodasan, etc.).

About Caspian Sea

Location

Junction of Europe and Asia

Bordering Countries

Russia (northwest), Azerbaijan (west), Iran (south), Turkmenistan (southeast), Kazakhstan (northeast)

Geographical Features

Caspian Sea is Earth’s largest inland body of water by surface area; lies between Caucasus Mountains to the west and Central Asian steppes to the east.

Economic Importance

Rich in oil and natural gas, leading to significant geopolitical interest.

Caspian Depression

Flat lowland region to the north of the Caspian Sea; one of the lowest points on Earth.

Classification

Largest lake or considered a full-fledged sea.

Endorheic Basin

The Caspian Sea has no natural outlets.

Primary Tributaries

Volga River (provides 80% of inflow), Ural River (north), Kura River (west).

Historical Identity

Known as a sea since ancient times; referred to as a sea by bordering countries.

Access

Inland sea, can be accessed through Russia’s Volga River and connected canals to the Black Sea, Baltic Sea, and Sea of Azov.

Salt-Water Connection

Supplied by freshwater sources, with no connection to global saltwater seas.

UN Group of Experts

No legal status in determining geographical classification.

READ ABOUT BAKU HERE- 

Baku

Reference- https://www.britannica.com/place/Baku

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baku

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspian_Sea

https://www.britannica.com/place/Caspian-Sea

https://www.downtoearth.org.in/climate-change/as-the-world-converges-on-baku-for-cop29-the-caspian-sea-it-is-located-on-is-threatened-with-catastrophic-shrinkage

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.The Caspian Sea is the Earth’s largest inland body of water. It is bordered by how many states?

  1. Kazakhstan
  2. Iran
  3. Tajikistan
  4. Azerbaijan

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1,2 and 4 only

(b) 1,3 and 4 only

(c) 1,2 and 3 only

(d) 2,3 and 4 only

Answer:  (a)

Explanation:

Kazakhstan: To the northeast

Turkmenistan: To the southeast

Iran: To the south

Azerbaijan: To the west

Russia: To the northwest. 

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