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UPSC GS 3

INDIA'S POWER SECTOR EMISSIONS FALL

India’s power-sector CO2 emissions fell 1% in early 2025, driven by a 69% clean energy surge, hydropower gains, and mild weather—signaling a possible emissions peak before 2030 and marking a historic shift in India’s energy transition.

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SINGLE-USE PLASTIC BAN: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD

India banned single-use plastics in 2022, but they are still used because of lax enforcement, unauthorised production, expensive substitutes, and customer convenience.  Strict enforcement, circular economy policies, community involvement, and creative, sustainable solutions are all necessary as they contribute to waste, inadequate recycling, and health hazards.

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INDIA–CHINA RELATIONS: CAN NORMALISATION HAPPEN WITHOUT RESOLVING BORDERS?

India-China relations depend on the unresolved border dispute, with India linking normalcy to LAC peace, while China separates the boundary from trade and diplomacy. Economic ties endure, but India prioritizes strategic prudence, dialogue, and multilateral engagement to prevent escalation.

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INDIA - FAO COLLABORATION ON BLUE PORTS EXPLAINED

The Department of Fisheries and FAO are investing ₹369.8 crore to modernize three pilot harbors under the Blue Port Infrastructure project, integrating 5G and AI for sustainable, inclusive fisheries, aligning with India’s Blue Economy goals and long-term sectoral transformation.

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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) RELEASES MODEL LIST OF ESSENTIAL MEDICINES (EML)

The WHO’s Essential Medicines List, updated biennially, guides nations in prioritizing safe, effective, and cost-efficient drugs for public health. For India, it serves as the basis for NLEM, regulating prices and ensuring affordable access, especially for cancer and diabetes care.

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WHAT IS PLASTICDWEEP? EXPLAINED

Lakshadweep’s Plasticdweep crisis, marked by the Minicoy fire and 4,000 tonnes of unmanaged waste, threatens reefs with 66% plastic litter. This systemic failure endangers biodiversity, livelihoods, and tourism, exposing the urgent need for sustainable waste governance in the fragile archipelago.

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NITI AAYOG PLANS MANUFACTURING & INFRASTRUCTURE INDEX

NITI Aayog’s proposed Manufacturing & Infrastructure Index to benchmark states on policies, logistics, and approvals, promoting competitive federalism. By guiding investors and policymakers, it seeks to diversify supply chains, cut geopolitical risks, and secure critical resources essential for India’s industrial growth.

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WHAT IS INDIA COOLING ACTION PLAN (ICAP)? EXPLAINED

The India Cooling Action Plan addresses growing cooling demands sustainably, integrating technology, skills, and policy reforms, aligning with global climate commitments, while overcoming challenges through stakeholder engagement and international collaboration, positioning India as a global leader in environmentally responsible cooling.

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GREEN STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP: INDIA & DENMARK

The India-Denmark Green Strategic Partnership highlights bilateral cooperation addressing climate change, fostering economic and cultural ties, overcoming trade imbalances, scaling green initiatives, and aligning on multilateral platforms, showcasing a shared vision for a sustainable, inclusive, and peaceful future.

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INDIA- INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION (ILO) COLLABORATION

India and the ILO signed an MoU on the International Reference Classification of Occupations to bridge global skill gaps, boost youth access to overseas jobs, enable skill recognition, and conduct sectoral studies in green, digital, and care economies.

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WHAT IS WTO AGREEMENT ON FISHERIES SUBSIDIES ? EXPLAINED

The WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies is a landmark step in ocean governance, curbing harmful subsidies fueling overfishing and illegal practices, while safeguarding marine biodiversity, food security, and livelihoods of small-scale fishers, balancing sustainability with equitable economic growth globally.

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INDIA TO EXPLORE POLYMETALLIC SULPHIDES IN CARLSBERG RIDGE

 India’s Carlsberg Ridge licence makes it a deep-sea pioneer, securing critical minerals for energy transition and asserting strategic autonomy in the Indo-Pacific; amid environmental risks and Sino-Indian rivalry, success depends on ISA reforms, green technology, and sustainability-focused policies.

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