UPSC GS 1

ROADMAP TO GENDER EQUITY IN JUDICIARY EXPLAINED

India needs gender-inclusive courts to promote equality, create an inclusive environment, and ensure fair, empathetic, and balanced judicial decisions. This is vital to address the under-representation of women in the higher judiciary and dismantle existing systemic barriers.

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DECLINING TRUST IN INSTITUTIONS: INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION (ILO) REPORT

The ILO’s report, The State of Social Justice, warns that declining trust and persistent inequality threaten social justice and democratic legitimacy. Despite reduced extreme poverty, 71% of earnings depend on birth, and 58% of workers face informality. It urges a renewed social contract and Fair Transition policies for inclusive, decent work.

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LANDSLIDES: CAUSES, IMPACT, AND MITIGATION STRATEGY

The Darjeeling disaster, caused by extreme rainfall, revealed the Eastern Himalayas’ vulnerability. Landslides and floods severed key routes, isolating Sikkim. Unsustainable development, weak governance, and poor disaster preparedness demand urgent mountain regulation and advanced early warning systems for future resilience.

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COLD DESERT BIOSPHERE RESERVE: INDIA’S UNESCO BIOSPHERE RESERVE UPDATED

UNESCO added Himachal Pradesh’s Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve to the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, raising India’s tally to 13. Protecting snow leopards and supporting pastoralists, it exemplifies sustainable, community-led development in a fragile trans-Himalayan ecosystem.

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CYCLONE ‘SHAKHTI’: WHY IS THE ARABIAN SEA BECOMING A CYCLONE HOTSPOT?

Cyclone ‘Shakhti’ highlights the rising frequency of Arabian Sea storms, emphasizing the need for accurate IMD forecasting, resilient infrastructure, community participation, and comprehensive disaster preparedness to mitigate climate change–driven impacts on vulnerable coastal regions.

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WHY RIVER GANGA IS DRYING FASTER THAN EVER

The Ganges River is drying rapidly, driven by climate change and unsustainable human use, threatening 650 million lives. Restoring balance demands urgent action—reduced groundwater extraction, secured environmental flows, and regional cooperation—to protect this sacred lifeline and ensure future water security.

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WHAT IS SUPER TYPHOON RAGASA? EXPLAINED

Super Typhoon Ragasa, locally called “Nando,” is a Category 5 storm with winds of 205 km/h and gusts up to 250 km/h. Originating in the warm western Pacific, it moves across the Luzon Strait toward the Babuyan Islands and southern China.

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MANUAL SCAVENGING IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD

Manual scavenging, rooted in caste-based discrimination, is a grave violation of human rights and dignity. Beyond laws and technology, its eradication demands collective social will and strict accountability, ensuring true “Swachh Bharat” by safeguarding the dignity and safety of Safai Mitras.

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CHILD MARRIAGE IN INDIA: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES, AND CHALLENGES

Chhattisgarh’s Surajpur district, with UNICEF support, has declared 75 panchayats “Child Marriage-Free” by mobilizing Anganwadi workers and communities. The successful two-year campaign, now adopted as the ‘Surajpur Model,’ drives the state’s mission for a “Child Marriage-Free State.”

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GLOBAL SAFETY REPORT 2025: KEY HIGHLIGHTS

The Global Safety Report 2025 highlights a paradox: record-high safety perceptions coexist with an 11-point gender gap across 100+ countries. Women’s insecurity, driven by domestic violence, demands targeted policies and holistic reforms, proving economic progress alone cannot ensure equal safety.

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NOMADIC & DENOTIFIED COMMUNIITES : MEANING, CHALLENGES, WAY FORWARD

India’s 10.74 crore DNT/NT/SNT population remains marginalized despite decriminalization; expanding schemes, legal protections, and community-led initiatives, inspired by global models, can promote inclusive development, supporting India’s vision of Viksit Bharat by 2047.

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SARNATH NOMINATED FOR THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST

India has nominated Sarnath, where Buddha delivered his first sermon in 528 BCE, for UNESCO World Heritage status. Marked by the Dhamek Stupa and Ashokan Pillar, it symbolizes Buddhism’s birth, evolving into a major pilgrimage and spiritual learning center.

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