UPSC current affairs

PADMA BARRAGE: INDIA-BANGLADESH WATER SHARING, CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIC SIGNIFICANCE

Bangladesh's proposed $2.8 billion Padma Barrage aims to mitigate dry-season water scarcity and offset India's Farakka Barrage diversions. As the 1996 Ganges Treaty nears its 2026 expiration, the mega-project raises Indian flood concerns, highlighting the urgent need for basin-wide hydro-diplomacy.

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UNICEF CHILDREN'S CLIMATE RISK REPORT 2026: CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE GROWING RISKS FOR CHILDREN

The UNICEF Children's Climate Risk Report 2026 reveals that 1.1 billion children globally face overlapping climate hazards. In India, 392 million children are exposed to extreme heat. The report urges governments to phase out fossil fuels and build child-centric, climate-resilient social infrastructure.

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INDIA–RUSSIA LOGISTICS AGREEMENT: EXPANDING DEFENCE COOPERATION AND STRATEGIC REACH

The India-Russia Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Agreement (RELOS) allows temporary reciprocal access to military facilities for up to 3,000 troops and 5 warships. It boosts India's operational reach, secures Arctic port access, and reinforces strategic autonomy.

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PRADHAN MANTRI VIKSIT BHARAT ROZGAR YOJANA: EMPLOYMENT GENERATION THROUGH INCENTIVE-BASED FORMAL JOB CREATION

The Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana (PM-VBRY) is a ₹99,446 crore central scheme incentivizing the creation of 3.5 crore formal jobs. By providing direct EPF wage bonuses to first-time employees and monthly subsidies to employers, it combats youth unemployment and accelerates economic formalization.

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RBI'S GROWING FISCAL ROLE: OPPORTUNITIES, RISKS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CENTRAL BANK INDEPENDENCE

The RBI approved a record ₹2.87 lakh crore surplus transfer to the Union Government for FY26. Driven by foreign exchange gains and US Treasury yields, this massive non-tax revenue provides vital fiscal space but raises critical concerns over central bank independence, fiscal federalism, and the risks of fiscal dominance.

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RBI REMOVES INTEREST RATE CEILING ON NRE DEPOSITS: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOREIGN CAPITAL INFLOWS

The RBI temporarily removed interest rate ceilings on FCNR(B) and NRE deposits, introducing a concessional swap facility to absorb banking hedge costs. This strategic move aims to attract $50-70 billion in leveraged NRI capital, fortifying forex reserves and shielding the Indian Rupee from severe global economic volatility.

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SCHEDULE K OF THE DRUGS RULES, 1945: EXEMPTIONS IN DRUG REGULATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE

The Union Health Ministry amended Schedule K of the Drugs Rules, 1945, withdrawing retail licensing exemptions for cough syrups in small villages. This crucial regulatory shift curbs the unchecked sale of contaminated medicines, balancing rural healthcare accessibility with stringent public health safety and accountability.

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UNPAID DOMESTIC LABOUR AND HOMEMAKER COMPENSATION: SUPREME COURT'S 2026 RECOGNITION OF CARE WORK

The landmark 2026 Supreme Court Shishupal judgment recognized homemakers as "Nation Builders," establishing a "Loss of Domestic Care" compensation head with a ₹30,000 monthly baseline. It dismantles patriarchal norms, rectifies GDP blind spots, and legally monetizes women's unpaid caregiving labor.

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BRICS INDORE DECLARATION: ADVANCING AGRICULTURAL COOPERATION, SEED RIGHTS AND DIGITAL AGRICULTURE

 Adopted during India's 2026 Presidency, the BRICS Indore Declaration establishes four pivotal agricultural networks focusing on digital farming, agroecology, seed rights, and genetic resources. It positions farmers at the core of global food security, climate resilience, and technological innovation.

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GLOBAL WIND DAY 2026: WIND ENERGY, ENERGY TRANSITION AND INDIA'S RENEWABLE FUTURE

On June 15, Goa hosted the Global Wind Day 2026 Conference themed "Wind Energy: From Ambition to Acceleration." The event focused on India's 100 GW target by 2030, domestic manufacturing, and grid readiness.

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INDIA–FRANCE INNOVATION ROADMAP 2030: STRENGTHENING STRATEGIC TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION

The India-France Innovation Roadmap 2030 elevates bilateral ties to a Special Global Strategic Partnership. It prioritizes co-development in artificial intelligence, space technologies, and deep-tech startups, integrating frameworks like DEPA to secure digital sovereignty and robust global supply chains.

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G7 SUMMIT 2026

France hosts the 52nd G7 Summit in Évian, where leaders address economic security, Chinese overcapacity, and AI governance. India participates as an outreach partner for the 13th time. 

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