UPSC current affairs

Modernising railway safety through Kavach and AI

Kavach is India’s indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection system designed to enhance railway safety by preventing Signal Passing at Danger, over-speeding, and train collisions through real-time monitoring and automatic braking. With implementation on over 2,200 route kilometres and the rollout of Kavach 4.0, Indian Railways is strengthening safety on high-density corridors. Complemented by AI-based surveillance, predictive maintenance, and advanced telecom infrastructure, these technology-led measures are reducing human error, enabling higher-speed operations, and building a safer, more reliable, and future-ready railway network.

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NITI AAYOG'S EXPORT PREPAREDNESS INDEX 2024

The Export Preparedness Index (EPI) 2024, released by NITI Aayog, provides a comprehensive assessment of the export readiness of Indian States and Union Territories by evaluating infrastructure, business ecosystem, policy and governance, and export performance. With a stronger focus on districts, MSMEs, human capital, and cost competitiveness, the index identifies key challenges and policy priorities, promotes cooperative federalism, and supports India’s long-term goal of achieving sustained, inclusive, and globally competitive export growth.

 

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FOOD SAFETY IN INDIA: FSSAI ROLE AND CHALLENEGS

India is a key player in global food standard development, as a founding member of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The country ensures its food rules align with international standards while protecting its interests. Benefits of global food standards include improved public health, increased agricultural exports, and influence on global policies.

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