SHARDA RIVER

At an elevation of 3,600 m (11,800 ft) in the Pithoragarh district, the Sharda River flows downstream of the Kāli River, also known as the Mahakali River, which starts its journey in the Great Himalayas in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand, on the eastern slopes of the Nanda Devi massif.

Last Updated on 17th June, 2025
3 minutes, 27 seconds

Description

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Source: Curly Tales

Context

Four teens died after being swept away while bathing in the Sharda River recently.

About Sharda River

The Sharda River is the downstream of the Kāli River (or Mahakali River), which originates in the northern Uttarakhand state of India in the Great Himalayas on the eastern slopes of the Nanda Devi massif. It is located in the Pithoragarh district at an elevation of 3,600 m (11,800 ft).

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Source: Research Gate

Course of the Sharda River

  • It originates as the Kali River in the far northern region of Uttarakhand state, situated on the eastern slopes of the Nanda Devi massif in the Great Himalayas.
  • The river then flows in a general south-southwest direction, where it serves as the border between Nepal and Uttarakhand.
  • At Barmdeo Mandi (Nepal), it enters the Indo-Gangetic Plain after descending from the mountains and broadening above the Sharda Barrage. The Sharda River is the name given to it below that location.
  • After a journey of approximately 300 miles (480 km), the Sharda flows southeastward into India, passing through the northern state of Uttar Pradesh. It then intersects with the Ghaghara River, a tributary of the Ganges, southwest of Bahraich. 

Tributaries of Sharda River

  • Dhauliganga
  • Goriganga
  • Sarju

Dams on the Sharda River

  • Known variously as the Sarayu River and the Kali River, this waterway was the site of a 1995 proposal for the Pancheshwar Dam, a Nepalese and Indian joint venture to create hydroelectric power and facilitate irrigation.  
  • Political shifts in both Nepal and India have contributed to the impasse over the 5,600 MW Pancheshwar multipurpose dam project. Resumption of negotiations occurred in 2013 when the project's importance was once again felt.

Source: TOI

Practice Questions

Q. Consider the following statements about the Sharda River:

The Sharda River is also known as the Mahakali River in Nepal.

It forms part of the India-Nepal international boundary.

It originates from the Yamunotri glacier in Uttarakhand.

The Sharda River merges with the Ghaghara River in Uttar Pradesh.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1, 2 and 4 only

C. 2, 3 and 4 only

D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer: B. 1, 2 and 4 only

Explanation:

Statement 1: Correct. The Sharda River is called the Mahakali River in Nepal.

Statement 2: Correct. It serves as a boundary river between India and Nepal in some stretches.

Statement 3: Incorrect. It originates from the Lipulekh Pass region in the Himalayas, not from the Yamunotri glacier.

Statement 4: Correct. It merges with the Ghaghara River in Uttar Pradesh.

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