The pressure to publish more papers for promotions, funding, or ranking has led to unethical practices such as plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, fake peer review, and paper mills. To build a stronger research culture, India should strengthen internal ethics committees, provide continuous ethics education, increase funding, and create an open environment for reporting misconduct.
The National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) will award negative scores to higher educational institutions for papers that have been retracted from journals in the last three calendar years and their corresponding citations.
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