Description

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Pic Courtesy: msn.com

Context:

A new study suggests that Indonesia's Anak Krakatau volcano, which fell catastrophically in 2018 and caused a horrific tsunami, had warning indications years in advance.

Key Facts about Anak Krakatau

Feature	Details
Location	Sunda Strait, between Java and Sumatra, Indonesia.
Volcano Type	Stratovolcano.
Tectonic Context	At the convergent boundary between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates; part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.
2018 Disaster	Southwest flank collapsed during an eruption in December 2018, causing a tsunami that killed over 400 people and injured thousands.
Technology Used (Research)	InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) – detects surface deformation with cm to mm accuracy.
Satellite Sources	ALOS-1, COSMO-SkyMED, Sentinel-1; data spanned over 10+ years.
Key Findings	The volcano’s flank slipped ~15 meters between 2006 and 2018; significant acceleration of slip noted in the months before the 2018 collapse (precursor to the disaster).

Other Volcanoes in Indonesia

Mount Merapi volcano is situated on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta provinces. The mountain is located approximately 30 kilometres from Yogyakarta. Mount Merapi was already at the country's second-highest warning level following the 2020 eruptions. The last big eruption of Mount Merapi occurred in 2010.
Mount Semeru is another volcanic mountain in Indonesia. Semeru, often known as "The Great Mountain," is Java's highest volcano at 3,676 meters and one of its most active. It last erupted in 2022, killing at least 50 people and leaving streets covered with mud and ash.

Practice Questions:

Q. Anak Krakatau, an active volcanic island, is located in which of the following straits?

[A] Malacca Strait

[B] Sunda Strait

[C] Lombok Strait

[D] Makassar Strait

Answer: B

Explanation: Anak Krakatau, meaning “Child of Krakatoa,” is situated in the Sunda Strait, which lies between the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra.