Location

Situated in South Tripura District.

Establishment

Established in 1988.

Vegetation

• Three types of forests:
• Tropical Semievergreen Forest
• Moist Mixed Deciduous Forest
• Savannah Woodland
• Includes perennial rivulets, waterbodies, and grasslands.

Flora

• Medicinal plants such as Kurcha, Tulsi, Vasak, Sarpaganda, Rudraksha, Bel, etc.
• Bamboo species Oxytenanthera nigrociliata (Kaillai), eaten by Gaur.

Fauna

• Prominent species: Gaur (Indian Bison), Hoolock Gibbon (only ape species of the Indian subcontinent), Capped Langur, Golden Langur
• Other species: Leopards, Wild Cats, Pheasants, Lalmukh Bandars, Wild Boars.

Sanctuary Name

Location

Established

Vegetation

Flora

Fauna

Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary

West Tripura District

1987

Tropical Semi-evergreen and Deciduous Forest

456 species of plants, including medicinal plants

Hoolock Gibbon, Capped Langur, Leopards, Pythons, Deer, Wild Boar, and over 150 species of birds

Ramnagar Wildlife Sanctuary

South Tripura District

1976

Forests, wetlands, and grasslands

213 species of plants, medicinal plants like Kurcha, Bel, etc.

Gaur, Elephants, Tiger, Leopard, Wild Boar, Deer, and several species of birds

Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary

South Tripura District

1988

Tropical forest, grasslands, and wetlands

Rich flora, including bamboo species and medicinal plants

Gaur (Indian Bison), Wild Boar, Leopards, Deer, and various species of birds and reptiles

Kailashahar Wildlife Sanctuary

North Tripura District

2001

Semi-evergreen forests and grasslands

Medicinal plants like Tulsi, Vasak, Rudraksha

Leopards, Wild Boar, Deer, Wild Cats, Birds, and reptiles

Bison Wildlife Sanctuary

South Tripura District

1980

Tropical forests and grasslands

Bamboo species (Oxytenanthera nigrociliata) and medicinal plants

Indian Bison (Gaur), Leopards, Deer, Wild Cats, and several bird species

Location

Palghar district, Maharashtra, 75 km from Mumbai.

Corridor

Serves as a corridor between Sanjay Gandhi National Park (Borivali National Park) and Tansa Wildlife Sanctuary.

Landscape

Hilly terrain, dense forests, and small rivers or streams.

Vegetation

Blend of Dry Deciduous, Moist Deciduous, and Semi-Evergreen forests.

Flora

Teak, bamboo, mango, and other tree species.

Fauna

Animals: Leopard, Wild Boar, Barking Deer, Langur, Bonnet and Rhesus Macaque, Black-naped Hare.

Birds: Crested Serpent-eagle, Jungle Owlet, White-eyed Buzzard, Oriental Honey-buzzard, Emerald Dove, Heart-spotted Woodpecker.

Temples

Several ancient temples, including the famous Tungareshwar Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva.

Sanctuary Name

Location

Flora

Fauna

Established

Sanjay Gandhi National Park

Mumbai, Thane

Tropical dry deciduous forest, grasslands

Leopards, Sambar, Barking Deer, Wild Boar, Rhesus Macaque

1996

Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve

Chandrapur

Tropical moist and dry deciduous forests, grasslands

Bengal Tiger, Indian Bison (Gaur), Sloth Bear, Wild Dog

1955

Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary

Satara, Kolhapur

Moist deciduous forests, tropical evergreen forests

Tigers, Leopards, Giant Squirrel, Gaur, Indian Wolf

1985

Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary

Amravati

Moist deciduous forest, bamboo and grasslands

Tigers, Sloth Bear, Leopard, Wild Boar, Indian Wolf

1987

Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary

Kolhapur

Deciduous forests, grasslands

Leopard, Tiger, Sambar, Nilgai, Wild Boar

1985

Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary

Gondia

Dry deciduous forests, bamboo, grasslands

Tigers, Leopards, Sloth Bear, Indian Bison

1970

Bhatsa Wildlife Sanctuary

Thane

Mixed dry deciduous forests, grasslands

Leopards, Wild Boar, Indian Wolf

2003

Penganga Wildlife Sanctuary

Yavatmal, Wardha

Deciduous forests, scrublands

Leopards, Wild Boars, Sambar, Nilgai, Hyena

1990

Pench Tiger Reserve

Nagpur, Seoni (Madhya Pradesh border)

Dry deciduous forest, bamboo thickets

Bengal Tiger, Leopard, Wild Boar, Chital, Indian Wolf

1999

Gugamal Wildlife Sanctuary

Amravati

Deciduous forests, grasslands

Tigers, Leopards, Wild Boar, Langur, Sloth Bear

1987

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.Which of the following statements about the Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary is/are correct?

1. It is located in the state of Maharashtra.
2. The sanctuary is known for its grasslands and is home to a significant population of tigers.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: a

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Thane district of Maharashtra, in the Tungareshwar mountain range.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The sanctuary is not particularly known for its grasslands or a significant population of tigers. It is more recognized for its rich biodiversity, including several species of flora and fauna, but it does not have a prominent tiger population.