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Source: Organology

Context

The Goa State Cabinet named the Ghumot the state's heritage instrument in 2019. It doesn't have monitor lizard skin, which has caused a debate about how folk music should look. The Ghumot, also written as Ghumat, is a traditional Goan membranophone percussion instrument that is used in many religious and cultural events.

What is Ghumot?

Ghumot, also written as Ghumat, is a traditional Goan membranophone percussion instrument that is used in a number of religious and cultural activities.

Features of Ghumot:

• Construction: Made of handmade clay pot (ghumat) with a skin membrane stretched on one side; originally used monitor lizard skin, now replaced by goat or synthetic skin.
  
  
• Sound Quality: Produces sharp, earthy beats; an essential element in Goan folk music.
  
  
• Playing Technique: Demands skilled tapping and a strong sense of rhythm to produce resonant, rhythmic sounds.
  
  
• Legal Shift: Since 2019, monitor lizard skin use has been banned under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972; artisans have adopted eco-friendly and legal alternatives.
  
  
• Musical Classification: Ghumot is not categorized under Hindustani or Carnatic classical music traditions.

Importance of Ghumot in Music and Culture:

• Cultural Symbol: Integral to Goa’s folk music and traditions; commonly played during festivals like Sao Joao, Ganesh Chaturthi, Shigmo, Mandos, and even in Catholic wedding ceremonies.
  
  
• Secular Significance: Played by people across different religions, castes, and communities—reflecting its inclusive cultural role.
  
  
• Revival Initiatives: Artisans and cultural enthusiasts are working to revive Ghumot through modern designs, legal materials, and global showcases.
  
  
• Socio-economic Role: Supporting Ghumot-making contributes to preserving Goa’s intangible heritage and uplifting local artisans economically.
  

Source: Downtoearth