UPSC environment notes

SHEKHA JHEEL: INDIA’S 99TH RAMSAR SITE

Shekha Jheel, a perennial freshwater wetland in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, was designated as India's 99th Ramsar Site in 2026. Formed by the Upper Ganges Canal, it supports 249 bird species along the Central Asian Flyway.

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MORCHELLA (GUCCHI) MUSHROOM

Morchella, or morels, are prized edible mushrooms. They feature a distinctive honeycomb-like cap with deep pits and ridges. Highly valued in cuisine, these wild-foraged delicacies are famous for their savory, nutty flavor and a hollow interior.

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SUNDARBANS ECOLOGICAL THREAT: IMPACTS, CHALLENGES, AND CONSERVATION STRATEGIES

The Sundarbans faces an existential threat as resilience declines due to cyclones and salinity. This degradation risks turning the forest into a carbon source. Recovery requires implementing the MISHTI scheme, transboundary cooperation, and community-led stewardship to prevent collapse.

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SLOTH BEAR: LOCATION, HABITAT, IUCN STATUS

The Sloth Bear (Melursus ursinus) is a shaggy, myrmecophagous (insect-eating) mammal endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, it is classified as Vulnerable due to habitat loss.

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