SCHEME TO INCENTIVISE STATES FOR AGRI REFORMS

Model Agricultural Produce and Livestock Marketing (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2017

Purpose:
This act aims to promote agricultural marketing and facilitate the sale and purchase of agricultural produce and livestock outside the traditional APMC (Agricultural Produce Market Committee) markets.

Key Features:

Unified Market: Establishes a unified national market for agricultural produce and livestock.

Private Market Establishment: Allows private individuals or companies to set up and operate their own markets.

E-Trading: Promotes e-trading and direct marketing of agricultural produce.

Regulation Simplification: Simplifies regulations to encourage competition and reduce market intermediaries.

Farmer Empowerment: Empowers farmers by providing more marketing channels to sell their produce.

Implementing Agency:
State Governments with oversight from the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.

Model Agricultural Produce and Livestock Contract Farming and Services (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2018

Purpose:
This act provides a framework for contract farming agreements, ensuring fair and transparent contracts between farmers and buyers.

Key Features:

Contract Farming Agreement: Outlines clear guidelines for drafting and registering contract farming agreements.

Dispute Resolution: Establishes a structured process for resolving disputes arising from contract farming agreements.

Fair Practices: Ensures fair practices and protects the interests of farmers.

Price Assurance: Provides mechanisms for price assurance to farmers under contract farming.

Support Services: Facilitates provision of inputs and technical advice to farmers by the contracting party.

Implementing Agency:
State Governments with oversight from the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.

Model Agricultural Land Leasing Act, 2016

Purpose:
This act aims to legalize and facilitate agricultural land leasing to improve agricultural productivity and ensure better utilization of land resources.

Key Features:

Legal Framework: Provides a legal framework for leasing agricultural land, ensuring security of tenure for tenants.

Flexible Leasing: Encourages flexible leasing arrangements, including short-term and long-term leases.

Tenant Rights: Protects the rights of tenants, ensuring they can access institutional credit and government benefits.

Dispute Resolution: Establishes a mechanism for resolving disputes between landowners and tenants.

Promotion of Investment: Encourages investment in agriculture by providing clarity and security in land leasing.

Implementing Agency:
State Governments with guidelines from NITI Aayog.

Scheme/Policy/Act

Description

Key Features

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)

Crop insurance scheme

Provides financial support to farmers suffering crop loss/damage

Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)

Irrigation scheme

Aims to expand cultivable area under assured irrigation, improve on-farm water use efficiency

National Food Security Mission (NFSM)

Food security initiative

Focuses on increasing production of rice, wheat, pulses, coarse cereals, and commercial crops

Soil Health Card Scheme

Soil health management

Provides soil health cards to farmers for better nutrient management

Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)

Organic farming promotion

Encourages organic farming through the adoption of organic village clusters

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)

Agriculture development

Aims to incentivize states to increase public investment in agriculture and allied sectors

National Agriculture Market (e-NAM)

Agricultural market reform

Creates a unified national market for agricultural commodities

Kisan Credit Card (KCC)

Credit support

Provides timely credit support to farmers for their cultivation and other needs

National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)

Sustainable agriculture

Promotes sustainable agriculture through climate change adaptation measures

Integrated Scheme for Agricultural Marketing (ISAM)

Market infrastructure

Supports state governments in creating and improving market structures

Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)

Horticulture development

Promotes holistic growth of horticulture sector

National Bamboo Mission (NBM)

Bamboo sector development

Focuses on the development of the complete value chain of the bamboo sector

Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM)

Mechanization of agriculture

Promotes agricultural mechanization to improve efficiency

National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP)

Oilseed production

Enhances oilseeds and oil palm production

Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)

Income support to farmers

Provides income support to farmers through direct transfers

Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)

Price support scheme

Ensures remunerative prices to farmers for their produce

Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC) Act

Agricultural marketing

Regulates the sale of agricultural produce to ensure fair prices

Essential Commodities Act

Price control

Controls production, supply, and distribution of essential commodities

Farmers' Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2020

Agricultural trade

Allows farmers to sell their produce outside the APMC mandis

Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020

Contract farming

Provides a framework for contract farming agreements

Model Agricultural Land Leasing Act, 2016

Land leasing

Encourages the leasing of agricultural land to improve productivity

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q: Consider the following statements regarding agricultural reforms in India:

1. The Model Agricultural Produce and Livestock Marketing (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2017, aims to provide farmers with alternative marketing channels to sell their produce.
2. The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) was introduced to provide comprehensive insurance cover against failure of crops due to natural calamities.
3. The Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020, removes cereals, pulses, oilseeds, edible oils, onions, and potatoes from the list of essential commodities, thereby deregulating their production, storage, and distribution.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: d)