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Context:

On Kargil Vijay Diwas, President Murmu and PM Modi paid tributes to the Kargil heroes.

Historical Background:

• Kargil War (1999): Infiltration by Pakistani regulars and militants into Indian-held positions in Kargil, along the Line of Control, prompted Operation Vijay. By 26 July 1999, India had reclaimed heated positions such as Tololing, Tiger Hill, Gun Hill, and Point 4875, under extremely challenging mountain warfare conditions.
• India lost 527 soldiers (with over 1,300 wounded), while Pakistani losses ranged from several hundred to thousands.
• Kargil Vijay Diwas is observed annually on 26 July to mark India’s victory and honour its war heroes. Since 2000, the Prime Minister has laid a wreath at Amar Jawan Jyoti in New Delhi, and ceremonies are held nationwide 

Significance

• Symbol of Courage and Resolve: The celebrated exploits of soldiers such as Captain Vikram Batra and Lt. Manoj Pandey remain emblematic of Indian military valor. The enduring legacy underscores selfless service under harsh terrain and hostile conditions.
• Institutional Reforms: The conflict catalysed defence reforms—strengthened tri-service cooperation, establishment of the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) position, and a push for modernization and self-reliance in defence procurement. 

ALSO READ- https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/25th-kargil-vijay-diwas

Source: The Hindu