Israel’s Security Council approved a plan to reoccupy Gaza, following escalating conflict since October 7, 2023. Rooted in the 1948 Nakba, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has seen wars, intifadas, and failed peace efforts. Despite Israel’s 2005 withdrawal, Gaza remains under effective Israeli control, and tensions have now reignited long-standing hostilities.
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Israel’s Security Council approved a plan to gradually reoccupy all of Gaza and hold it indefinitely.
The conflict has its roots in the establishment of Israel in 1948, which resulted in the displacement of approximately 750,000 Palestinians between 1947 and 1949. This event, known as the Nakba (catastrophe) to Palestinians, created tension between Israel and neighboring Arab states.
1956 => Egypt's President Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and denied passage to Israeli ships through both the canal and the Straits of Tiran. This prompted Israel to invade the Sinai Peninsula, though it later withdrew under international pressure.
May-June 1967 => Tensions escalated when Egypt closed the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping. Based on false Soviet intelligence about Israeli troop movements toward Syria, Egypt mobilized its forces. On June 5, Israel launched preemptive strikes against Egyptian airfields, beginning the Six-Day War.
1967-1987 => Israel occupied Gaza, along with the Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights. Between 40,000-45,000 Palestinians fled or were expelled from Gaza. Israel built more than 20 settlements in Gaza during this period.
1987-1993 =>The First Intifada (Palestinian uprising) began in Gaza and spread to the West Bank. This period saw sustained protests and violence, with over 1,000 Palestinian and 100 Israeli civilian casualties. Hamas was founded during this period.
1993 => The Oslo Accords were signed, aiming to create Palestinian self-determination. The agreement established the Palestinian Authority to govern parts of Gaza and the West Bank. Hamas opposed the accords, launching attacks to undermine the peace process.
2000-2005 => The Second Intifada erupted following the breakdown of peace talks and Ariel Sharon's visit to the al-Aqsa Mosque compound. This period saw suicide bombings, shootings, and Israeli military operations resulting in approximately 3,000 Palestinian and 1,000 Israeli deaths.
2005 => Under Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, Israel unilaterally withdrew from Gaza, removing all Israeli settlements and military personnel. However, Israel maintained control over Gaza's borders, airspace, and shoreline.
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The United Nations has consistently regarded Gaza as occupied territory even after the 2005 withdrawal, due to the level of control Israel maintained over the territory. |
October 7, 2023 - Present => Following attacks on Israel, the conflict escalated significantly. On May 4, 2025, Israel's Security Council approved plans to gradually reoccupy all of Gaza.
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PRACTICE QUESTION Q. Critically analyze how the Israel-Palestine conflict impacts India’s energy security. 150 words |
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