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National Security

ONLINE GAMING REGULATION: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD

The Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Bill, 2025, proposes a ban on online money games, including skill-based ones like fantasy sports, to combat addiction, financial losses, and illicit activities. However, it also raises concerns about job losses and the rise of the illegal betting market, highlighting constitutional ambiguities.

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SEDITION LAW IN INDIA: EXPLAINED

India replaced its sedition law (Section 124A of the IPC) with Section 152 of the BNS, sparking criticism for its potential threat to free speech due to broad wording, leading to the Supreme Court's review to balance national security with the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression.

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INDUS WATERS TREATY: PROVISIONS, CHALLENGES, WAY FORWARD

The Indus Waters Treaty, a World Bank-mediated pact, was signed in 1960. It allocates 80% of the Indus basin's water to Pakistan. India suspended the treaty in April 2025 after a terrorist attack, citing an outdated framework and Pakistan’s obstruction of projects. The path forward involves modernising the treaty to address current water and security challenges.

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INDIA-CHINA RELATIONS: CHALLENGES, WAY FORWARD

India-China relations are at a critical juncture, marked by a post-Galwan trust deficit, persistent border disputes, and trade imbalance. To navigate this, India must strengthen border infrastructure, diversify supply chains, and engage in assertive diplomacy. A strategic and patient approach is essential to safeguard national interests.

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JAMMU & KASHMIR: POST ARTICLE 370

The 2019 abrogation of Article 370 in Jammu and Kashmir led to the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, allowing statehood and legislative assembly elections. The Supreme Court upheld this decision, promoting a democratic process. The security situation improved, with a decrease in terrorism incidents and local recruitment.

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