Daily current affairs 2 July 2026

GLOBAL AI GOVERNANCE DEBATE: RISKS, CHALLENGES, AND FRAMEWORKS

Unchecked artificial intelligence progress poses catastrophic global risks, exacerbating inequality and cyber threats. This necessitates robust, human-centric global AI governance, institutional regulatory frameworks, international treaties, and stringent hardware verification mechanisms to balance rapid technological innovation with global safety and ethics.

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BASEL CONVENTION: GOVERNING HAZARDOUS WASTE IN AN ERA OF EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES

The Basel Convention regulates the transboundary movement and environmentally sound management of hazardous wastes. Evolving frameworks like the 2025 e-waste amendments, the 2025-2031 strategic framework, and plastic waste protocols tackle emerging challenges such as waste colonialism, plastic pollution, and illegal dumping.

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GLOBAL MARINE HEATWAVES: EMERGING OCEANIC CLIMATE CRISIS

Marine heatwaves are prolonged periods of extreme ocean temperatures driven by anthropogenic global warming and phenomena like El Niño. They threaten marine biodiversity, supercharge tropical cyclones, disrupt global food security, and demand urgent climate adaptation and mitigation strategies.

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INTEROPERABLE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM: BENEFITS, CHALLENGES, WAY FORWARD

The Interoperable Criminal Justice System (ICJS) digitally integrates police, courts, prisons, forensics, and prosecution onto a single cloud platform. It aims to accelerate justice delivery, reduce undertrial pendency, and ensure seamless data exchange across India’s legal ecosystem.

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SOUTH-NORTH COMMISSION ON DEVELOPMENT: GLOBAL COOPERATION FOR THE 21ST CENTURY

The newly launched South-North Commission on Development aims to reform global governance, addressing inequalities in climate finance, trade, and debt. Co-chaired by Olaf Scholz and Laura Chinchilla, the 20-member body emphasizes equal Global South representation to redefine international cooperation.

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CREDIT RATING AGENCIES: INDIA'S CONCERNS OVER SOVEREIGN RATINGS

Global Credit Rating Agencies assess a country's creditworthiness. India strongly criticizes the top agencies for opaque, biased methodologies that rely heavily on subjective governance indicators, ignoring India's zero default history, robust economic fundamentals, and high foreign exchange reserves.

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SARAS SHAKTI: EMPOWERING RURAL WOMEN THROUGH SELF-HELP GROUPS

SARAS Shakti, a core initiative under DAY-NRLM, empowers rural women by connecting Self-Help Groups to premium markets. It leverages digital platforms like eSARAS and ONDC to enhance incomes, promote authentic handicrafts, and drive inclusive economic growth across India.

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CENTRALISED IT-ENABLED SYSTEM (CITES) PROJECT: EPFO DIGITAL GOVERNANCE

The CITES project modernizes EPFO's legacy infrastructure by replacing 120+ regional databases with a single centralized system. Developed by C-DAC, it ensures real-time processing, auto-settlement of claims, and seamless account portability, enhancing social security delivery for Indian workers.

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