critical minerals supply chain

INDIA–INDONESIA RELATIONS: STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP AND EMERGING AREAS OF COOPERATION

India and Indonesia are expanding their Comprehensive Strategic Partnership through enhanced defense trade, maritime security around the Malacca Strait, and critical minerals cooperation. Indonesia’s ambitious free meal program offers lessons in domestic welfare and human capital development.

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PM E-DRIVE SCHEME EXTENDED

The PM E-DRIVE extension transitions India from subsidies to a self-reliant EV ecosystem by 2028. Aligning with COP26 and Atmanirbhar Bharat, its success depends on securing mineral supply chains, enhancing grid resilience, and implementing robust battery recycling and swapping policies.

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MINAMITORISHIMA ISLAND: JAPAN'S RARE EARTH DISCOVERY

Japan’s deep-sea extraction of rare earth elements breaks China’s monopoly on critical minerals. This breakthrough secures vital supply chains for electric vehicles and defense, shifting the geopolitical landscape of the global green industrial revolution and resource security.

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