Disclaimer: Copyright infringement not intended.

Context

• Laughing gull, a migratory bird from North America, has been sighted for the first time in India at the Chittari estuary in Kasaragod district.

Laughing Gull (Leucophaeus atricilla):

Physical Characteristics:

• Size: Medium-sized gull, with a length of around 16 to 18 inches.
• Plumage: During breeding season, adults have a black head, dark-gray wings, and a reddish bill. Non-breeding adults and juveniles have a mottled brownish-gray appearance.
• Distinctive Features: Black or dark hood during breeding, and a long, slender, slightly drooping bill.

Habitat:

• Breeding: Coastal marshes, islands, and beaches in the southern United States, Mexico, the Caribbean, and parts of Central America.
• Wintering: Along coasts, estuaries, and lagoons.

Behavior:

• Vocalization: Known for its distinctive "laughing" calls, resembling a high-pitched "ha-ha-ha."
• Feeding: Opportunistic feeder, preying on small fish, invertebrates, and scavenging on scraps and refuse.

Breeding and Nesting:

• Colonial Nesters: Laughing gulls nest in colonies, often in close proximity to other seabirds.
• Nesting Sites: Nest on the ground in shallow scrapes lined with grass, feathers, and other debris.
• Eggs: Clutches typically consist of three eggs with incubation lasting about three weeks.

Migration:

• Laughing gulls exhibit migratory behavior, with some populations migrating between breeding and wintering grounds.

Distribution:

• Found along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America, extending into the Caribbean and parts of Central America.

Conservation Status:

• Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List, as the species has a large and stable population

Interactions with Humans:

• Often encountered in coastal areas, including beaches, where they may interact with beachgoers.
• Known to be bold in scavenging for food from humans.

Role in Ecosystem:

• Plays a role in controlling insect populations and participating in nutrient cycling in coastal ecosystems.

Protection and Conservation:

• Protected under various conservation laws in different regions to ensure the preservation of their habitats.

PRACTICE QUESTION Q. Consider the following statements regarding the Laughing Gull (Leucophaeus atricilla): It is a large-sized gull species with predominantly black plumage during the breeding season. The Laughing Gull is known for its distinct "laughing" vocalizations. During the non-breeding season, adults and juveniles of the Laughing Gull display a mottled brownish-gray appearance. This species primarily breeds in inland forests. Which of the statements above is/are correct? A)1 and 2 B) 2 and 3 C) 1, 2, and 3 D) 4 only Answer: B) 2 and 3 Explanation: The Laughing Gull is a medium-sized gull species, not large-sized. Correct. The Laughing Gull is known for its distinctive "laughing" vocalizations. Correct. During the non-breeding season, adults and juveniles have a mottled brownish-gray appearance. Incorrect. The Laughing Gull primarily breeds in coastal marshes, islands, and beaches, not inland forests.