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The NGT’s action on illegal sand mining in Assam’s Kaldiya river exposes a wider national crisis. Unscientific extraction harms river ecology, groundwater and biodiversity, while sand mafias fuel revenue loss and conflict. Despite strong laws, weak enforcement persists. Technology-based monitoring, alternatives like M-Sand and stronger accountability are essential.
Click to View MoreChina’s extensive dam-building on the Brahmaputra exemplifies its “hydropower diplomacy,” leveraging water to assert regional dominance. This threatens India’s water security, risking floods, scarcity, and ecological damage. India must safeguard riparian rights and accelerate its own dam projects to counter China’s hydro-hegemony.
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