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Context:

• British authorities deported an asylum seeker to Rwanda under a voluntary returns scheme.

Details:

• This deportation is part of an immigration law passed by the UK Parliament, allowing the removal of asylum seekers who made "unauthorized journeys" since January 1, 2022, to Rwanda for processing of asylum claims.
• The deportation was facilitated under the Voluntary Returns Scheme (VRS), a program introduced by the UK Home Office in 1999.
• The VRS offers financial assistance to migrants and failed asylum seekers who choose to depart to a "safe third country" like Rwanda.
• Eligibility for the scheme includes being in the UK illegally, overstaying a visa, withdrawing an asylum application, or being a victim of modern slavery.

Agreements and Funding:

• The UK government provides development funding to Rwanda as part of the asylum plan.
• The UK has promised to fund for processing and integration costs for relocated individuals.
• The UK has already paid Rwanda £220 million, with an estimated total cost of £600 million for accommodating 300 refugees.

Legislative Process and Supreme Court Ruling:

• In April 2022, the UK signed a deal with Rwanda to address undocumented migration issues.
• However, the relocation policy was held unlawful by the UK Supreme Court.
• In response, the UK government finalized a new agreement with Rwanda to ensure additional safeguards.

Issues arising from deportation:

Safety Concerns in Rwanda:

• The landlocked country of Rwanda is one of the most densely populated countries in the world with a population of over 13 million people. While the country has recorded significant progress in recent years in developing its economy, it continues to feature among the least developed nations in the world.
• Despite economic progress, concerns persist regarding human rights abuses, including arbitrary detention, ill-treatment, and torture.
• The government has been accused of preventing dissent, controlling media and opposition, and pressuring refugees.

Refugee Situation in Rwanda:

• Rwanda hosts a significant refugee population, with around 90% living in camps and 80% relying on humanitarian assistance.
• The UNHCR reports high vulnerability among refugees in Rwanda, with limited access to basic needs and services.

For detailed study on Rwandan refugee bill

https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/safety-of-rwanda-bill

Source:

https://epaper.thehindu.com/ccidist-ws/th/th_international/issues/82356/OPS/GAUCP5QB6.1.png?cropFromPage=true

PRACTICE QUESTION Q. "Analyze the role of international agreements and funding in addressing migration challenges and ensuring the welfare of relocated individuals."( 250 words)