ECONOMICS

Context:

• Government enumerated the steps taken to improve the skill development of the youth.

Details:

• Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship has launched the National Skill Development Mission (NSDM) to provide the overall institutional framework to rapidly implement and scale up the skill development efforts across India. NSDM envisages totrain a minimum of 300 million skilled people by the year 2022.
• The Ministry has been implementing Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS) Scheme and National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) for providing short term Skill Development training to the youth
• Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship promotes establishment of model and aspirational skill centres known as Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra (PMKK) in every district for imparting skill training throughout the country in Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode.
• As on 30.06.2021, 812 PMKKs have been allocated across the country, out of which 721 PMKKs have been established.

About National Skill Development Mission:

• Aim: To create convergence across sectors and States in terms of skill training activities.
• To consolidate and coordinate skilling efforts
• Expedite decision making across sectors to achieve skilling at scale with speed and standards.
• Implementation Agency: It will be implemented through a streamlined institutional mechanism driven by Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE).
• Seven sub-missions have been proposed initially to act as building blocks for achieving overall objectives of the Mission. They are:
• Institutional Training, (ii) Infrastructure, (iii) Convergence, (iv) Trainers, (v) Overseas Employment, (vi) Sustainable Livelihoods, (vii) Leveraging Public Infrastructure.

Objective of the mission:

• Build capacity for skill development in critical un-organised sectors (such as the construction sector, where there few opportunities for skill training) and provide pathways for re-skilling and up-skilling workers in these identified sectors, to enable them to transition into formal sector employment.
• Ensure sufficient, high quality options for long-term skilling, bench marked to internationally acceptable qualification standards, which will ultimately contribute to the creation of a highly skilled workforce.
• Develop a network of quality instructors/trainers in the skill development ecosystem by establishing high quality teacher training institutions.
• Leverage existing public infrastructure and industry facilities for scaling up skill training and capacity building efforts.
• Offer a passage for overseas employment through specific programmes mapped to global job requirements and bench marked to international standards.
• Enable pathways for transitioning between the vocational training system and the formal education system, through a credit transfer system.
• Promote convergence and co-ordination between skill development efforts of all Central ministries/Departments/States/implementing agencies.
• Support weaker and disadvantaged sections of society through focused outreach programmes and targeted skill development activities.

About Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)

• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (1.0) was launched in 2015 to provide free skill training avenues to youths of India.
• PMKVY 2.0 Approved for another four years (2016-2020) to benefit 10 million youth Allocated Budget 12,000 Crores
• Implementing agency: It is implemented by National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC)
  • NSDC is a not-for-profit public limited company incorporated under section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956 (corresponding to section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013). Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE) holds 49% of the share capital of NSDC, while the private sector has the balance 51% of the share capital.
  • NSDC aims to promote skill development by catalyzing creation of large, quality and for-profit vocational institutions.
  • The National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF) is a competency-based framework that organizes all qualifications according to a series of levels of knowledge, skills and aptitude.
• Objective of this Skill Certification Scheme is to enable a large number of Indian youth to take up industry-relevant skill training that will help them in securing a better livelihood.
• Individuals with prior learning experience or skills will also be assessed and certified under Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL).

About Jan Shikshan Sansthan:

• Jan Shikshan Sansthan (formerly known as Shramik Vidyapeeth) provide vocational skills to non-literate, neo-literates as well as school drop-outs by identifying skills that have a market in the region of their establishment.

Target Group

• Socio-economically backward and educationally disadvantaged groups of rural/urban population.
• Main target include non-literate, neo-literates, person education upto 8th standard, school drop-outs, in the age group of 15-35 years.
• Priority given to women, SC, ST, OBC and Minorities in rural areas and urban slums.

Features

• Polyvalent approach takes into account; learning needs, convenience of place and time of learners and trainers.
• Course content, duration, methods, instructional arrangements and financial (CSR supported / Fee based trainings)
• Livelihood cell to be encouraged the beneficiaries for self and wage employment and linkages with national / state portal for promotion of employment and job melas etc.
• Courses having NSQF Compliant which has production, service and IT oriented.
• Life Enrichment Education part of Skill training programme. Digital Literacy and life skills are also incorporated across the course curriculum.
• Methodology of teaching includes theory, practical. Livelihood experience / apprenticeship, systematic evidence based internal assessment system, online certification, common branding.
• Training of trainers through National Skill Training Institutes