UPSC GS1 Geography

SUPER EL NIÑO: CAUSES, GLOBAL IMPACTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR INDIA

A Super El Niño involves extreme warming of the equatorial Pacific Ocean, severely disrupting global weather. It weakens the Indian monsoon, triggers marine heatwaves, and threatens agricultural yields, requiring urgent climate-resilient planning and robust early warning systems to mitigate localized and macroeconomic disasters.

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EARTH CREATED FROM LOCAL BUILDING BLOCKS, NOT COSMIC MIX

New research suggests Earth formed from a single local reservoir in the inner Solar System, rather than a "cosmic mix." Jupiter’s gravity acted as a shield, blocking outer-system material and implying Earth’s water was indigenous.

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