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UPSC GS Paper 3 agriculture

AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF THE MIDDLE GANGA BASIN

The Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences established a biometric tool using grass pollen to distinguish ancient wild grasses from cultivated crops. This confirms the Central Ganga Plain as an independent, indigenous cradle of agriculture dating back to 7000 BCE

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OPU–IVF–ET TECHNOLOGY: INDIGENOUS BOVINE BREEDING

IVRI scientists successfully produced five Sahiwal calves from one donor cow using OPU-IVF-ET technology. This breakthrough enables the rapid multiplication of high-yielding, climate-resilient indigenous cattle, bypassing natural biological limits to significantly boost India’s dairy sector and genetic conservation.  

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ACTINIDIA INDICA: DISCOVERY OF A NEW WILD KIWI SPECIES IN ARUNACHAL PRADESH

The discovery of Actinidia indica in Arunachal Pradesh reveals a vital genetic reservoir for climate-resilient crops. This new wild kiwi highlights the Eastern Himalayas' immense biodiversity, signaling a need for conservation to unlock the region's vast economic and agricultural potential. 

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