According to the 2025 UNEP report, around 391 million hectares of tropical forests—home to 53 million people—are at high risk of loss due to agriculture expansion, fires, mining, and climate change. These forests play a vital role in carbon storage, water regulation, and biodiversity. Despite global conservation efforts like REDD+ and the Bonn Challenge, deforestation continues at nearly 10 million hectares annually, threatening both ecosystems and livelihoods. Strengthening forest governance, promoting sustainable land use, and empowering local communities are essential to balance development with conservation.
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