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Thermohaline Circulation

WHAT IS ATLANTIC MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION (AMOC)?

AMOC is a global "conveyor belt" transporting warm surface water north and cold, dense water south. Driven by temperature and salinity, it regulates global climate. Melting ice now threatens to collapse this system, potentially disrupting the Indian Monsoon.

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FRESHENING OF THE SOUTHERN INDIAN OCEAN: CAUSES AND IMPACTS

A new study finds rapid freshening in the Southern Indian Ocean due to warming-driven wind shifts moving water from the Indo-Pacific Freshwater Pool. This creates stratification that traps heat, blocks nutrients, harms fisheries, may weaken AMOC, and heighten cyclones and marine heatwaves.

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