Sustainable Mining

RAT-HOLE MINING DISASTERS: A RECURRING TRAGEDY IN MEGHALAYA

Illegal rat hole coal mining persists in Meghalaya despite a 2014 National Green Tribunal ban, reflecting ecological damage, worker deaths, and governance gaps. Conflict between Sixth Schedule land rights and MMDR Act, acid mine drainage in Kopili River, and the Ksan tragedy demand scientific mining, NESAC monitoring, and just transition reforms.

FOREST SURVEY & IMPORTANTCE OF ARAVALI HILLS

RIVER SAND MINING: MEANING, CONSEQUENCES AND WAY FORWARD

The 2025 Supreme Court ruling mandates replenishment studies for sustainable sand mining, reinforcing environmental law. Successful implementation depends on tech-driven enforcement against illegal extraction and developing the M-Sand market. This dual strategy is crucial to protect river ecosystems while meeting construction demands.