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The Supreme Court ruled that parental income alone cannot decide OBC ‘creamy layer’ status. The exclusion must be status-based, not purely income-based, and salary or agricultural income should not be counted. The judgment corrects discrimination and aligns reservation rules with the original 1993 DoPT guidelines.
Click to View MoreJyotiba Phule was a pioneering nineteenth-century social reformer who challenged caste hierarchy, gender discrimination and religious orthodoxy in Indian society. Born into the Mali community, he, along with Savitribai Phule, championed women’s education, opened schools for marginalised children and exposed the injustices of the caste order through influential works like Gulamgiri. In 1873, he founded the Satyashodhak Samaj to organise Shudras and Ati-Shudras, promote rational thought and challenge Brahminical dominance through egalitarian rituals, public education and social activism. His ideas profoundly shaped later movements led by B. R. Ambedkar and continue to influence contemporary struggles for equality, social justice and Bahujan empowerment in India.
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