The NGT’s action on illegal sand mining in Assam’s Kaldiya river exposes a wider national crisis. Unscientific extraction harms river ecology, groundwater and biodiversity, while sand mafias fuel revenue loss and conflict. Despite strong laws, weak enforcement persists. Technology-based monitoring, alternatives like M-Sand and stronger accountability are essential.
Click to View MoreThe 2025 Supreme Court ruling mandates replenishment studies for sustainable sand mining, reinforcing environmental law. Successful implementation depends on tech-driven enforcement against illegal extraction and developing the M-Sand market. This dual strategy is crucial to protect river ecosystems while meeting construction demands.
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