Dual-use satellites blur the lines between civilian infrastructure and military targets, shifting modern space warfare toward non-kinetic cyberattacks. This trend challenges existing space treaties and International Humanitarian Law, prompting India to develop a dedicated Military Space Doctrine
The evolution of outer space has seen peaceful exploration, military applications, and advanced rocketry and missile technologies. Major powers like the US, China, and Russia are developing space-based military technologies, driven by geopolitical competition, dual-use technologies, and private sector involvement. India faces challenges like strategic vulnerability, space debris, and limited funding.
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