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Judiciary

JUVENILE JUSTICE BOARDS IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD

Juvenile justice system is strained, with over 55% cases pending before understaffed JJBs. The India Justice Report flags poor infrastructure, high pendency, and inconsistent assessments under the JJ Act, 2015. Strengthening capacity, training, and rehabilitation is essential to protect child rights and improve outcomes.

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LEGAL AID IN INDIA: STATUS, CHALLENGES, WAY FORWARD

Legal aid upholds the constitutional promise of “justice for all” by offering free legal services to the marginalized. Through NALSA and state authorities, it narrows the gap between rich and poor, ensuring that financial or social disadvantages never restrict access to justice.

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WHAT IS VVPAT SYSTEM? HOW DOES IT WORK?

The Bombay High Court questioned Maharashtra’s Election Commission for holding local polls without VVPATs, citing concerns over electoral transparency. Responding to a petition alleging violation of free and fair elections, the court sought justification for the SEC’s “logistical constraints,” prompting a review of voter rights and accountability.

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AI IN JUDICIARY: MEANING, SIGNIFICANCE, CHALLENGES, WAY FORWARD

Karnataka leads judicial reform by integrating AI into district courts to reduce pendency and streamline administration. The judiciary uses AI for research and case management to boost efficiency and transparency, while enforcing strict ethical safeguards to prevent bias and uphold impartial, speedy justice for every citizen.

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DEFAMATION LAWS IN INDIA: BALANCING FREE SPEECH AND REPUTATION

Defamation laws in India balance free speech and reputation. Article 19(1)(a) guarantees expression, while Article 19(2) allows restrictions, including defamation. The Supreme Court upheld criminal defamation under Article 21, but judges now urge decriminalization to curb misuse and protect dissent.

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SUPREME COURT PARTIALLY STAYS WAQF ACT 2025

The Supreme Court partially stayed key provisions of the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, halting executive overreach and the five-year Islamic practice requirement. The ruling highlights judicial vigilance in upholding constitutional principles, separation of powers, and ensuring legislative reforms comply with the rule of law.

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CUSTODIAL VIOLENCE: MEANING, CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD

Custodial violence erodes trust in law enforcement, undermines constitutional values, and violates human dignity. Addressing it requires strong legal safeguards, police reforms, and accountability mechanisms. True justice lies not in fear but in fairness, where the State protects rights rather than abuses power, upholding democracy’s core promise of dignity for all.

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SUPREME COURT'S STAND ON AADHAAR & ELECTORAL PROCESSES EXPLAINED

The Supreme Court has ruled that Aadhaar, a voter ID system, is a valid proof of identity but not citizenship, following a petition for voter list revision in Bihar. The ruling upholds the voluntary nature of the Aadhaar-Voter ID link, ensuring privacy and preventing disenfranchisement, demonstrating judicial oversight.

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GENDER JUSTICE AND JUDICIAL APPOINTMENTS IN INDIA

The severe gender imbalance in judiciary, undermines its constitutional promise of equality and inclusivity. This gap, rooted in systemic patriarchy and an opaque collegium, is an ethical and constitutional failure. Bridging it requires transparent, mandated diversity policies to ensure a more representative and trusted judiciary.

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DOWRY SYSTEM IN INDIA: LAW, CHALLENGES, WAY FORWARD

Dowry results in violence against women, leading to deaths and severe harassment, particularly among vulnerable socioeconomic groups. Despite stringent laws, including the new Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), its practice persists due to social sanction, patriarchy, and low conviction rates, highlighting a wide gap between law and implementation.

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ARBITRATION AND MEDIATION IN INDIA: STRUCTURE, OPPORTUNITIES & CHALLENGES

The Ministry of Law and Justice is promoting Arbitration and Mediation in the country to improve accessibility and speedy trials. The Mediation Act 2023 provides a statutory framework for mediation, encouraging pre-litigation for civil and commercial disputes. Challenges include lack of awareness, quality, and infrastructure.

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