The Supreme Court has ruled that Aadhaar, a voter ID system, is a valid proof of identity but not citizenship, following a petition for voter list revision in Bihar. The ruling upholds the voluntary nature of the Aadhaar-Voter ID link, ensuring privacy and preventing disenfranchisement, demonstrating judicial oversight.
Click to View MoreDowry results in violence against women, leading to deaths and severe harassment, particularly among vulnerable socioeconomic groups. Despite stringent laws, including the new Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), its practice persists due to social sanction, patriarchy, and low conviction rates, highlighting a wide gap between law and implementation.
Click to View MoreThe 130th Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2025, seeks to criminalize politics by amending Articles 75, 164, and 239AA, requiring the removal of Prime Ministers, Chief Ministers, or ministers for 30 consecutive days for serious charges. The government supports this move for political morality and governance, but opposition concerns arise about potential misuse and violating the principle of innocence.
Click to View MoreJudiciary is integrating AI for efficient, transparent, and accessible justice. Initiatives like SUPACE and SUVAS help judges with research and translation. However, AI presents ethical challenges like data privacy and algorithmic bias. A human-centric approach is crucial for fairness, justice, and accountability.
Click to View MoreThe 93rd Constitutional Amendment Act addresses deepening inequality in private educational institutions by extending affirmative action. However, it faces challenges due to institutional autonomy and meritocracy vs the state's obligation to ensure social equity. A modern India must balance legislation, financial support, and monitoring mechanisms for an equitable education system.
Click to View MoreThe Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Bill, 2025, proposes a ban on online money games, including skill-based ones like fantasy sports, to combat addiction, financial losses, and illicit activities. However, it also raises concerns about job losses and the rise of the illegal betting market, highlighting constitutional ambiguities.
Click to View MoreIndia replaced its sedition law (Section 124A of the IPC) with Section 152 of the BNS, sparking criticism for its potential threat to free speech due to broad wording, leading to the Supreme Court's review to balance national security with the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression.
Click to View MoreThe Public Accounts Committee (PAC) is a parliamentary body that ensures government accountability in financial matters. It scrutinizes CAG's audit reports, acts as a check on executive expenditure, and promotes transparency by highlighting fiscal lapses. Its advisory recommendations are advisory, making it a vital guardian of public funds.
Click to View MoreReservation system, a constitutional mandate for social justice, provides affirmative action in education and public employment for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes. However, it faces challenges like the 'creamy layer' debate, administrative efficiency, and sub-categorization.
Click to View MoreIndia's higher education system faces challenges with quality, access, and equity. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 prioritise multidisciplinary learning, institutional autonomy, and internationalisation. Addressing rote learning, closing the digital divide, and aligning education with labour market demands are crucial for maintaining a relevant, innovative, and globally competitive system.
Click to View MoreThe 2019 abrogation of Article 370 in Jammu and Kashmir led to the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, allowing statehood and legislative assembly elections. The Supreme Court upheld this decision, promoting a democratic process. The security situation improved, with a decrease in terrorism incidents and local recruitment.
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