India’s student migration has expanded rapidly, shifting from an elite, scholarship-based phenomenon to a mass, self-financed mobility strategy driven by middle-class aspirations and limited domestic opportunities. While studying abroad promises global exposure and social mobility, many students face high debt, deskilling, precarious work and uncertain post-study outcomes, leading to reverse remittances and brain waste rather than skill gains. The trend highlights structural gaps in India’s education–employment ecosystem and the need for stronger domestic institutions, better regulation of migration intermediaries and policies that align education with meaningful employment at home.
Click to View MoreThe CAG audit of the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana highlights that while the scheme significantly expanded skill training and certification across India, serious shortcomings in beneficiary verification, financial disbursement, and monitoring weakened its impact. Issues such as invalid bank account details, delayed DBT payments, closed training centres, and duplicate documentation revealed gaps between digital records and ground realities. The findings underline the need for stronger data integrity, institutional oversight, and outcome-based evaluation to ensure that large-scale skilling initiatives translate into meaningful employment outcomes.
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