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Context: In his address from the Red Fort to mark the 400th birth anniversary of the ninth Sikh Guru, the Prime Minister Recalling the sacrifice of Guru Tegh Bahadur — he was beheaded on the orders of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb at the site where Gurdwara Sis Ganj Sahib stands opposite the Red Fort.

About Aurangzeb:

• He was the sixth Mughal emperor, who ruled over almost the entire Indian subcontinent for a period of 49 years.
• Aurangzeb compiled the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri, and was among the few monarchs to have fully established Sharia law and Islamic economics throughout the Indian subcontinent.
• He was an accomplished military leader, whose rule has been the subject of praise, though he has also been described as the most controversial ruler in Indian history.
• He was a notable expansionist during his reign, the Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent, ruling over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent.
• Under his reign, India surpassed Qing China to become the world's largest economy and biggest manufacturing power.
• Aurangzeb was noted for his religious piety; he memorized the entire Quran, studied hadiths and stringently observed the rituals of Islam.
• His policies abandoned his predecessors' legacy of pluralism and religious tolerance, citing his introduction of the jizya tax and other policies based on Islamic ethics; his demolition of Hindu temples; the executions of his elder brother Dara Shikoh, King Sambhaji of Maratha and Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur.

Aurangzeb’s religious policy had two aspects i.e:

(i) To promote the tenets of Islam and to ensure that the people led their lives accordingly.

(ii) To adopt anti-Hindu measures.

https://indianexpress.com/article/india/guru-tegh-bahadur-anniversary-pm-says-fanaticism-couldnt-deter-india-7881100/

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