Waste management in India is a complex and multidimensional challenge, involving municipal, industrial, biomedical, e-waste, plastic, and agricultural waste. Rapid urbanization, population growth, and inadequate infrastructure have compounded the problem. The government has initiated several programs, including the Swachh Bharat Mission, Waste to Wealth Mission, and GOBARdhan Scheme, focusing on scientific disposal, recycling, energy recovery, and citizen participation. Effective waste management requires a holistic approach that integrates technology, policy, social inclusion, economic sustainability, and public awareness, transforming waste from a problem into a resource for environmental and economic benefits.
Click to View MoreA plastic-free future depends on a robust policy framework and behavioral change. The Plastic Waste Management Rules and Extended Producer Responsibility guidelines promote recycling. Challenges include enforcement, affordability, and convenience. Success requires stronger policy implementation, recycling innovation, formalizing the informal waste sector, and public awareness campaigns.
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