India’s pension system is evolving from a limited government-backed entitlement framework to a broader, contributory, and market-linked architecture. While schemes like NPS, APY, PM-SYM and digital reforms have widened access and increased assets to over ₹16 lakh crore, coverage remains uneven—especially for informal workers, who form the majority of the labour force. Key challenges persist in pension adequacy, fiscal sustainability, and public awareness. Strengthening inclusion, improving returns, and building trust are central to shaping a more secure retirement landscape for India’s ageing population.
Click to View MoreFeminization of aging means more elderly women in senior citizen group, they face unique vulnerabilities like poverty, poor health, and social isolation, rooted in lifelong gender inequalities. Despite their societal contributions, they lack financial security and adequate healthcare. Way Forward require gender-sensitive policies, robust social protection, and community support for equitable and dignified aging.
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